Which body systems are most affected by physical activity?

The cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems are significantly impacted by physical activity, making this the correct response. Engaging in regular exercise strengthens the heart and improves circulation, enhancing cardiovascular efficiency. Increased physical activity elevates heart rate and blood flow, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrients to working muscles while also aiding in the removal of metabolic waste.

On the muscular side, physical activity promotes muscle strength, endurance, flexibility, and overall function. Resistance training, aerobic exercises, and other forms of physical exertion stimulate muscle fibers, encouraging growth and adaptation. Additionally, regular activity supports joint health by maintaining a range of motion and increases bone density, mitigating the risk of osteoporosis.

While exercise does involve other body systems to some extent, such as the respiratory system for oxygen intake and the nervous system for motor control, the profound effects seen in both the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems highlight their primary role in response to physical activity. Furthermore, while the endocrine system also benefits from physical activity through hormone regulation, it does not experience the same direct mechanical changes as the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems.